Which type of brick arrangement requires cutting a unit shorter at each end wall?

The correct choice is Queen or economy bond. This type of brick arrangement is characterized by alternating headers and stretchers, which can lead to the necessity of cutting units shorter at each end wall to form a clean, staggered pattern. The reason for this cutting is to maintain the integrity of the bond and ensure the bricks securely interlock at the corners and ends, providing structural strength and aesthetic continuity.

In contrast, Flemish bond features a pattern of alternating headers and stretchers on each row, but it does not specifically require cutting bricks shorter on the ends. Stack bond consists of bricks being stacked directly on top of one another with no overlap, which eliminates the need for cutting at the ends entirely. A bond beam is used in reinforced masonry to provide structural support, but it typically does not apply to the arrangement of bricks in the same context as Queen or economy bond. Therefore, the characteristics of Queen or economy bond specifically illustrate the requirement for cutting bricks shorter at the ends to accommodate the bond's layout.