Which method helps minimize the effects of cracking in masonry structures?

The implementation of expansion joints is an effective method for minimizing the effects of cracking in masonry structures. Expansion joints are designed to absorb changes in temperature, moisture content, and the resulting expansion or contraction of materials. These joints allow for movement within the masonry without causing stress concentrations that would lead to cracks.

When masonry materials expand due to heat or humidity, or contract during cooler temperatures, the presence of expansion joints provides a predetermined area where the building can move. This significantly reduces the risk of cracking by accommodating these natural movements.

In contrast, using thicker mortar may increase the strength of the joints but does not directly address the thermal expansion-related stresses. Similarly, applying a sealant might help with water penetration and moisture issues, but it does not provide a solution for movement-related cracking. Increasing wall height could introduce additional structural stress and does not alleviate movement from environmental changes. Thus, the implementation of expansion joints is the most effective choice for mitigating cracking in masonry structures.