What can be an effective way to prevent efflorescence on masonry walls?

Ensuring proper drainage is an effective way to prevent efflorescence on masonry walls because it minimizes the amount of moisture that can accumulate within the wall system. When water enters the masonry, it can dissolve soluble salts that are naturally present in the materials. As the water evaporates, it leaves the salts behind on the surface, which appears as efflorescence. By properly designing the drainage system and managing water away from the walls, it helps to control moisture levels, thereby reducing the likelihood of efflorescence forming.

For instance, adequate drainage solutions such as weep holes, sloped surfaces, and gutters can help divert rainwater or groundwater away from masonry walls, significantly limiting moisture intrusion. This proactive approach maintains the integrity of the masonry and preserves its appearance.

While other options may seem beneficial, they do not directly address the primary cause of efflorescence, which is moisture intrusion. Increasing wall thickness might provide more material but does not inherently prevent water from entering the structure. Using non-porous materials could reduce water absorption but may not be practical for all masonry applications or might lead to other issues such as trapped moisture. Painting the walls with waterproof paint might temporarily mask efflorescence but does not resolve the underlying moisture problem